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Question 1 of 49
1. Question
Read the article and choose the right answer.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The carbon crime of our century
Our carbon footprint is the estimated amount of carbon dioxide (C02) given off as we go about our daily lives. In Britain, the carbon footprint of the average person is 9.5t (tonnes) per year. Every time that person takes a return flight to New York, he or she produces about 1.2t of C02. This means that someone who flies across the Atlantic and back twice a year will use up more than a quarter of their footprint.
Short-haul air travel is not much better. A domestic flight emits 150g of C02 per passenger kilometre. Which means that a 300-km flight, for example a one-way trip from London to Manchester, produces around 63.9kg per passenger, depending on how full the flight is. Compare that to the 19.8kg per passenger produced by a car, the 5.2kg by a train and the 4.3kg by a coach, and it is clear which of the four methods of transport is the least environmentally friendly.
Now that everybody is aware that carbon emissions contribute to climate change, it is hard to understand why air travel is still so common. In response to the problem, the European Union has introduced a programme to try to limit the damage. It is called the European Union Emissions Trading System. The programme requires not only European power plants and manufacturers to pay fees to the European Union if they produce excess emissions, but also airlines.
These have to pay for the carbon emissions generated by every plane that flies into or out of an EU airport. That includes flights whose origin or destination is outside of Europe.
While countries like Australia have accepted the scheme, others refuse to cooperate. A spokesperson from the American airline association said that the programme would cost United States airlines about $3.1 billion over a period of eight years. Analysts estimate it would add about $5 to the price of a typical trans-Atlantic flight, which may not seem excessive. However, the airlines say that this amount could be the difference between making a profit or a loss. The EU has given the International Civil Aviation Organization one year to come up with an alternative plan to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. If it fails, the EU will begin collecting emissions fees for all flights in and out of its airports, including those that arrive and depart from non-European airports.
The money airlines have to spend under this scheme will obviously be transferred to passengers at some point, but the extra cost is probably worth it. The price we may ultimately have to pay for climate change is much higher than the amount companies or passengers will ever have to pay for a flight.Question:
How is the EU trying to protect the environment from carbon emissions?
CorrectIncorrect -
Question 2 of 49
2. Question
Read the article again and choose a. b, or c.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The carbon crime of our century
Our carbon footprint is the estimated amount of carbon dioxide (C02) given off as we go about our daily lives. In Britain, the carbon footprint of the average person is 9.5t (tonnes) per year. Every time that person takes a return flight to New York, he or she produces about 1.2t of C02. This means that someone who flies across the Atlantic and back twice a year will use up more than a quarter of their footprint.
Short-haul air travel is not much better. A domestic flight emits 150g of C02 per passenger kilometre. Which means that a 300-km flight, for example a one-way trip from London to Manchester, produces around 63.9kg per passenger, depending on how full the flight is. Compare that to the 19.8kg per passenger produced by a car, the 5.2kg by a train and the 4.3kg by a coach, and it is clear which of the four methods of transport is the least environmentally friendly.
Now that everybody is aware that carbon emissions contribute to climate change, it is hard to understand why air travel is still so common. In response to the problem, the European Union has introduced a programme to try to limit the damage. It is called the European Union Emissions Trading System. The programme requires not only European power plants and manufacturers to pay fees to the European Union if they produce excess emissions, but also airlines.
These have to pay for the carbon emissions generated by every plane that flies into or out of an EU airport. That includes flights whose origin or destination is outside of Europe.
While countries like Australia have accepted the scheme, others refuse to cooperate. A spokesperson from the American airline association said that the programme would cost United States airlines about $3.1 billion over a period of eight years. Analysts estimate it would add about $5 to the price of a typical trans-Atlantic flight, which may not seem excessive. However, the airlines say that this amount could be the difference between making a profit or a loss. The EU has given the International Civil Aviation Organization one year to come up with an alternative plan to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. If it fails, the EU will begin collecting emissions fees for all flights in and out of its airports, including those that arrive and depart from non-European airports.
The money airlines have to spend under this scheme will obviously be transferred to passengers at some point, but the extra cost is probably worth it. The price we may ultimately have to pay for climate change is much higher than the amount companies or passengers will ever have to pay for a flight.Question:
The average person contributes to his or her carbon footprint…
CorrectIncorrect -
Question 3 of 49
3. Question
Read the article again and choose a. b, or c.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The carbon crime of our century
Our carbon footprint is the estimated amount of carbon dioxide (C02) given off as we go about our daily lives. In Britain, the carbon footprint of the average person is 9.5t (tonnes) per year. Every time that person takes a return flight to New York, he or she produces about 1.2t of C02. This means that someone who flies across the Atlantic and back twice a year will use up more than a quarter of their footprint.
Short-haul air travel is not much better. A domestic flight emits 150g of C02 per passenger kilometre. Which means that a 300-km flight, for example a one-way trip from London to Manchester, produces around 63.9kg per passenger, depending on how full the flight is. Compare that to the 19.8kg per passenger produced by a car, the 5.2kg by a train and the 4.3kg by a coach, and it is clear which of the four methods of transport is the least environmentally friendly.
Now that everybody is aware that carbon emissions contribute to climate change, it is hard to understand why air travel is still so common. In response to the problem, the European Union has introduced a programme to try to limit the damage. It is called the European Union Emissions Trading System. The programme requires not only European power plants and manufacturers to pay fees to the European Union if they produce excess emissions, but also airlines.
These have to pay for the carbon emissions generated by every plane that flies into or out of an EU airport. That includes flights whose origin or destination is outside of Europe.
While countries like Australia have accepted the scheme, others refuse to cooperate. A spokesperson from the American airline association said that the programme would cost United States airlines about $3.1 billion over a period of eight years. Analysts estimate it would add about $5 to the price of a typical trans-Atlantic flight, which may not seem excessive. However, the airlines say that this amount could be the difference between making a profit or a loss. The EU has given the International Civil Aviation Organization one year to come up with an alternative plan to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. If it fails, the EU will begin collecting emissions fees for all flights in and out of its airports, including those that arrive and depart from non-European airports.
The money airlines have to spend under this scheme will obviously be transferred to passengers at some point, but the extra cost is probably worth it. The price we may ultimately have to pay for climate change is much higher than the amount companies or passengers will ever have to pay for a flight.Question:
A rail passenger produces more carbon dioxide than…
CorrectIncorrect -
Question 4 of 49
4. Question
Read the article again and choose a. b, or c.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The carbon crime of our century
Our carbon footprint is the estimated amount of carbon dioxide (C02) given off as we go about our daily lives. In Britain, the carbon footprint of the average person is 9.5t (tonnes) per year. Every time that person takes a return flight to New York, he or she produces about 1.2t of C02. This means that someone who flies across the Atlantic and back twice a year will use up more than a quarter of their footprint.
Short-haul air travel is not much better. A domestic flight emits 150g of C02 per passenger kilometre. Which means that a 300-km flight, for example a one-way trip from London to Manchester, produces around 63.9kg per passenger, depending on how full the flight is. Compare that to the 19.8kg per passenger produced by a car, the 5.2kg by a train and the 4.3kg by a coach, and it is clear which of the four methods of transport is the least environmentally friendly.
Now that everybody is aware that carbon emissions contribute to climate change, it is hard to understand why air travel is still so common. In response to the problem, the European Union has introduced a programme to try to limit the damage. It is called the European Union Emissions Trading System. The programme requires not only European power plants and manufacturers to pay fees to the European Union if they produce excess emissions, but also airlines.
These have to pay for the carbon emissions generated by every plane that flies into or out of an EU airport. That includes flights whose origin or destination is outside of Europe.
While countries like Australia have accepted the scheme, others refuse to cooperate. A spokesperson from the American airline association said that the programme would cost United States airlines about $3.1 billion over a period of eight years. Analysts estimate it would add about $5 to the price of a typical trans-Atlantic flight, which may not seem excessive. However, the airlines say that this amount could be the difference between making a profit or a loss. The EU has given the International Civil Aviation Organization one year to come up with an alternative plan to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. If it fails, the EU will begin collecting emissions fees for all flights in and out of its airports, including those that arrive and depart from non-European airports.
The money airlines have to spend under this scheme will obviously be transferred to passengers at some point, but the extra cost is probably worth it. The price we may ultimately have to pay for climate change is much higher than the amount companies or passengers will ever have to pay for a flight.Question:
The EU programme is aimed at…
CorrectIncorrect -
Question 5 of 49
5. Question
Read the article again and choose a. b, or c.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The carbon crime of our century
Our carbon footprint is the estimated amount of carbon dioxide (C02) given off as we go about our daily lives. In Britain, the carbon footprint of the average person is 9.5t (tonnes) per year. Every time that person takes a return flight to New York, he or she produces about 1.2t of C02. This means that someone who flies across the Atlantic and back twice a year will use up more than a quarter of their footprint.
Short-haul air travel is not much better. A domestic flight emits 150g of C02 per passenger kilometre. Which means that a 300-km flight, for example a one-way trip from London to Manchester, produces around 63.9kg per passenger, depending on how full the flight is. Compare that to the 19.8kg per passenger produced by a car, the 5.2kg by a train and the 4.3kg by a coach, and it is clear which of the four methods of transport is the least environmentally friendly.
Now that everybody is aware that carbon emissions contribute to climate change, it is hard to understand why air travel is still so common. In response to the problem, the European Union has introduced a programme to try to limit the damage. It is called the European Union Emissions Trading System. The programme requires not only European power plants and manufacturers to pay fees to the European Union if they produce excess emissions, but also airlines.
These have to pay for the carbon emissions generated by every plane that flies into or out of an EU airport. That includes flights whose origin or destination is outside of Europe.
While countries like Australia have accepted the scheme, others refuse to cooperate. A spokesperson from the American airline association said that the programme would cost United States airlines about $3.1 billion over a period of eight years. Analysts estimate it would add about $5 to the price of a typical trans-Atlantic flight, which may not seem excessive. However, the airlines say that this amount could be the difference between making a profit or a loss. The EU has given the International Civil Aviation Organization one year to come up with an alternative plan to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. If it fails, the EU will begin collecting emissions fees for all flights in and out of its airports, including those that arrive and depart from non-European airports.
The money airlines have to spend under this scheme will obviously be transferred to passengers at some point, but the extra cost is probably worth it. The price we may ultimately have to pay for climate change is much higher than the amount companies or passengers will ever have to pay for a flight.Question:
Some non-European airlines oppose the EU scheme because…
CorrectIncorrect -
Question 6 of 49
6. Question
Read the article again and choose a. b, or c.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The carbon crime of our century
Our carbon footprint is the estimated amount of carbon dioxide (C02) given off as we go about our daily lives. In Britain, the carbon footprint of the average person is 9.5t (tonnes) per year. Every time that person takes a return flight to New York, he or she produces about 1.2t of C02. This means that someone who flies across the Atlantic and back twice a year will use up more than a quarter of their footprint.
Short-haul air travel is not much better. A domestic flight emits 150g of C02 per passenger kilometre. Which means that a 300-km flight, for example a one-way trip from London to Manchester, produces around 63.9kg per passenger, depending on how full the flight is. Compare that to the 19.8kg per passenger produced by a car, the 5.2kg by a train and the 4.3kg by a coach, and it is clear which of the four methods of transport is the least environmentally friendly.
Now that everybody is aware that carbon emissions contribute to climate change, it is hard to understand why air travel is still so common. In response to the problem, the European Union has introduced a programme to try to limit the damage. It is called the European Union Emissions Trading System. The programme requires not only European power plants and manufacturers to pay fees to the European Union if they produce excess emissions, but also airlines.
These have to pay for the carbon emissions generated by every plane that flies into or out of an EU airport. That includes flights whose origin or destination is outside of Europe.
While countries like Australia have accepted the scheme, others refuse to cooperate. A spokesperson from the American airline association said that the programme would cost United States airlines about $3.1 billion over a period of eight years. Analysts estimate it would add about $5 to the price of a typical trans-Atlantic flight, which may not seem excessive. However, the airlines say that this amount could be the difference between making a profit or a loss. The EU has given the International Civil Aviation Organization one year to come up with an alternative plan to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. If it fails, the EU will begin collecting emissions fees for all flights in and out of its airports, including those that arrive and depart from non-European airports.
The money airlines have to spend under this scheme will obviously be transferred to passengers at some point, but the extra cost is probably worth it. The price we may ultimately have to pay for climate change is much higher than the amount companies or passengers will ever have to pay for a flight.Question:
The writer’s conclusion is that…
CorrectIncorrect -
Question 7 of 49
7. Question
Look at the highlighted words and phrases in the text and try to work out their meaning. Then match to definitions 1-8.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The carbon crime of our century
Our carbon footprint is the estimated amount of carbon dioxide (C02) given off as we go about our daily lives. In Britain, the carbon footprint of the average person is 9.5t (tonnes) per year. Every time that person takes a return flight to New York, he or she produces about 1.2t of C02. This means that someone who flies across the Atlantic and back twice a year will use up more than a quarter of their footprint.
Short-haul air travel is not much better. A domestic flight emits 150g of C02 per passenger kilometre. Which means that a 300-km flight, for example a one-way trip from London to Manchester, produces around 63.9kg per passenger, depending on how full the flight is. Compare that to the 19.8kg per passenger produced by a car, the 5.2kg by a train and the 4.3kg by a coach, and it is clear which of the four methods of transport is the least environmentally friendly.
Now that everybody is aware that carbon emissions contribute to climate change, it is hard to understand why air travel is still so common. In response to the problem, the European Union has introduced a programme to try to limit the damage. It is called the European Union Emissions Trading System. The programme requires not only European power plants and manufacturers to pay fees to the European Union if they produce excess emissions, but also airlines.
These have to pay for the carbon emissions generated by every plane that flies into or out of an EU airport. That includes flights whose origin or destination is outside of Europe.
While countries like Australia have accepted the scheme, others refuse to cooperate. A spokesperson from the American airline association said that the programme would cost United States airlines about $3.1 billion over a period of eight years. Analysts estimate it would add about $5 to the price of a typical trans-Atlantic flight, which may not seem excessive. However, the airlines say that this amount could be the difference between making a profit or a loss. The EU has given the International Civil Aviation Organization one year to come up with an alternative plan to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. If it fails, the EU will begin collecting emissions fees for all flights in and out of its airports, including those that arrive and depart from non-European airports.
The money airlines have to spend under this scheme will obviously be transferred to passengers at some point, but the extra cost is probably worth it. The price we may ultimately have to pay for climate change is much higher than the amount companies or passengers will ever have to pay for a flight.-
Question:
transporting people or goods over small distances
CorrectIncorrect -
-
Question 8 of 49
8. Question
Look at the highlighted words and phrases in the text and try to work out their meaning. Then match to definitions 1-8.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The carbon crime of our century
Our carbon footprint is the estimated amount of carbon dioxide (C02) given off as we go about our daily lives. In Britain, the carbon footprint of the average person is 9.5t (tonnes) per year. Every time that person takes a return flight to New York, he or she produces about 1.2t of C02. This means that someone who flies across the Atlantic and back twice a year will use up more than a quarter of their footprint.
Short-haul air travel is not much better. A domestic flight emits 150g of C02 per passenger kilometre. Which means that a 300-km flight, for example a one-way trip from London to Manchester, produces around 63.9kg per passenger, depending on how full the flight is. Compare that to the 19.8kg per passenger produced by a car, the 5.2kg by a train and the 4.3kg by a coach, and it is clear which of the four methods of transport is the least environmentally friendly.
Now that everybody is aware that carbon emissions contribute to climate change, it is hard to understand why air travel is still so common. In response to the problem, the European Union has introduced a programme to try to limit the damage. It is called the European Union Emissions Trading System. The programme requires not only European power plants and manufacturers to pay fees to the European Union if they produce excess emissions, but also airlines.
These have to pay for the carbon emissions generated by every plane that flies into or out of an EU airport. That includes flights whose origin or destination is outside of Europe.
While countries like Australia have accepted the scheme, others refuse to cooperate. A spokesperson from the American airline association said that the programme would cost United States airlines about $3.1 billion over a period of eight years. Analysts estimate it would add about $5 to the price of a typical trans-Atlantic flight, which may not seem excessive. However, the airlines say that this amount could be the difference between making a profit or a loss. The EU has given the International Civil Aviation Organization one year to come up with an alternative plan to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. If it fails, the EU will begin collecting emissions fees for all flights in and out of its airports, including those that arrive and depart from non-European airports.
The money airlines have to spend under this scheme will obviously be transferred to passengers at some point, but the extra cost is probably worth it. The price we may ultimately have to pay for climate change is much higher than the amount companies or passengers will ever have to pay for a flight.-
Question:
an official plan for doing something
CorrectIncorrect -
-
Question 9 of 49
9. Question
Look at the highlighted words and phrases in the text and try to work out their meaning. Then match to definitions 1-8.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The carbon crime of our century
Our carbon footprint is the estimated amount of carbon dioxide (C02) given off as we go about our daily lives. In Britain, the carbon footprint of the average person is 9.5t (tonnes) per year. Every time that person takes a return flight to New York, he or she produces about 1.2t of C02. This means that someone who flies across the Atlantic and back twice a year will use up more than a quarter of their footprint.
Short-haul air travel is not much better. A domestic flight emits 150g of C02 per passenger kilometre. Which means that a 300-km flight, for example a one-way trip from London to Manchester, produces around 63.9kg per passenger, depending on how full the flight is. Compare that to the 19.8kg per passenger produced by a car, the 5.2kg by a train and the 4.3kg by a coach, and it is clear which of the four methods of transport is the least environmentally friendly.
Now that everybody is aware that carbon emissions contribute to climate change, it is hard to understand why air travel is still so common. In response to the problem, the European Union has introduced a programme to try to limit the damage. It is called the European Union Emissions Trading System. The programme requires not only European power plants and manufacturers to pay fees to the European Union if they produce excess emissions, but also airlines.
These have to pay for the carbon emissions generated by every plane that flies into or out of an EU airport. That includes flights whose origin or destination is outside of Europe.
While countries like Australia have accepted the scheme, others refuse to cooperate. A spokesperson from the American airline association said that the programme would cost United States airlines about $3.1 billion over a period of eight years. Analysts estimate it would add about $5 to the price of a typical trans-Atlantic flight, which may not seem excessive. However, the airlines say that this amount could be the difference between making a profit or a loss. The EU has given the International Civil Aviation Organization one year to come up with an alternative plan to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. If it fails, the EU will begin collecting emissions fees for all flights in and out of its airports, including those that arrive and depart from non-European airports.
The money airlines have to spend under this scheme will obviously be transferred to passengers at some point, but the extra cost is probably worth it. The price we may ultimately have to pay for climate change is much higher than the amount companies or passengers will ever have to pay for a flight.-
Question:
the amount you pay for doing a certain thing
CorrectIncorrect -
-
Question 10 of 49
10. Question
Look at the highlighted words and phrases in the text and try to work out their meaning. Then match to definitions 1-8.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The carbon crime of our century
Our carbon footprint is the estimated amount of carbon dioxide (C02) given off as we go about our daily lives. In Britain, the carbon footprint of the average person is 9.5t (tonnes) per year. Every time that person takes a return flight to New York, he or she produces about 1.2t of C02. This means that someone who flies across the Atlantic and back twice a year will use up more than a quarter of their footprint.
Short-haul air travel is not much better. A domestic flight emits 150g of C02 per passenger kilometre. Which means that a 300-km flight, for example a one-way trip from London to Manchester, produces around 63.9kg per passenger, depending on how full the flight is. Compare that to the 19.8kg per passenger produced by a car, the 5.2kg by a train and the 4.3kg by a coach, and it is clear which of the four methods of transport is the least environmentally friendly.
Now that everybody is aware that carbon emissions contribute to climate change, it is hard to understand why air travel is still so common. In response to the problem, the European Union has introduced a programme to try to limit the damage. It is called the European Union Emissions Trading System. The programme requires not only European power plants and manufacturers to pay fees to the European Union if they produce excess emissions, but also airlines.
These have to pay for the carbon emissions generated by every plane that flies into or out of an EU airport. That includes flights whose origin or destination is outside of Europe.
While countries like Australia have accepted the scheme, others refuse to cooperate. A spokesperson from the American airline association said that the programme would cost United States airlines about $3.1 billion over a period of eight years. Analysts estimate it would add about $5 to the price of a typical trans-Atlantic flight, which may not seem excessive. However, the airlines say that this amount could be the difference between making a profit or a loss. The EU has given the International Civil Aviation Organization one year to come up with an alternative plan to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. If it fails, the EU will begin collecting emissions fees for all flights in and out of its airports, including those that arrive and depart from non-European airports.
The money airlines have to spend under this scheme will obviously be transferred to passengers at some point, but the extra cost is probably worth it. The price we may ultimately have to pay for climate change is much higher than the amount companies or passengers will ever have to pay for a flight.-
Question:
sent into the air
CorrectIncorrect -
-
Question 11 of 49
11. Question
Look at the highlighted words and phrases in the text and try to work out their meaning. Then match to definitions 1-8.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The carbon crime of our century
Our carbon footprint is the estimated amount of carbon dioxide (C02) given off as we go about our daily lives. In Britain, the carbon footprint of the average person is 9.5t (tonnes) per year. Every time that person takes a return flight to New York, he or she produces about 1.2t of C02. This means that someone who flies across the Atlantic and back twice a year will use up more than a quarter of their footprint.
Short-haul air travel is not much better. A domestic flight emits 150g of C02 per passenger kilometre. Which means that a 300-km flight, for example a one-way trip from London to Manchester, produces around 63.9kg per passenger, depending on how full the flight is. Compare that to the 19.8kg per passenger produced by a car, the 5.2kg by a train and the 4.3kg by a coach, and it is clear which of the four methods of transport is the least environmentally friendly.
Now that everybody is aware that carbon emissions contribute to climate change, it is hard to understand why air travel is still so common. In response to the problem, the European Union has introduced a programme to try to limit the damage. It is called the European Union Emissions Trading System. The programme requires not only European power plants and manufacturers to pay fees to the European Union if they produce excess emissions, but also airlines.
These have to pay for the carbon emissions generated by every plane that flies into or out of an EU airport. That includes flights whose origin or destination is outside of Europe.
While countries like Australia have accepted the scheme, others refuse to cooperate. A spokesperson from the American airline association said that the programme would cost United States airlines about $3.1 billion over a period of eight years. Analysts estimate it would add about $5 to the price of a typical trans-Atlantic flight, which may not seem excessive. However, the airlines say that this amount could be the difference between making a profit or a loss. The EU has given the International Civil Aviation Organization one year to come up with an alternative plan to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. If it fails, the EU will begin collecting emissions fees for all flights in and out of its airports, including those that arrive and depart from non-European airports.
The money airlines have to spend under this scheme will obviously be transferred to passengers at some point, but the extra cost is probably worth it. The price we may ultimately have to pay for climate change is much higher than the amount companies or passengers will ever have to pay for a flight.-
Question:
not harming the world around us
CorrectIncorrect -
-
Question 12 of 49
12. Question
Look at the highlighted words and phrases in the text and try to work out their meaning. Then match to definitions 1-8.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The carbon crime of our century
Our carbon footprint is the estimated amount of carbon dioxide (C02) given off as we go about our daily lives. In Britain, the carbon footprint of the average person is 9.5t (tonnes) per year. Every time that person takes a return flight to New York, he or she produces about 1.2t of C02. This means that someone who flies across the Atlantic and back twice a year will use up more than a quarter of their footprint.
Short-haul air travel is not much better. A domestic flight emits 150g of C02 per passenger kilometre. Which means that a 300-km flight, for example a one-way trip from London to Manchester, produces around 63.9kg per passenger, depending on how full the flight is. Compare that to the 19.8kg per passenger produced by a car, the 5.2kg by a train and the 4.3kg by a coach, and it is clear which of the four methods of transport is the least environmentally friendly.
Now that everybody is aware that carbon emissions contribute to climate change, it is hard to understand why air travel is still so common. In response to the problem, the European Union has introduced a programme to try to limit the damage. It is called the European Union Emissions Trading System. The programme requires not only European power plants and manufacturers to pay fees to the European Union if they produce excess emissions, but also airlines.
These have to pay for the carbon emissions generated by every plane that flies into or out of an EU airport. That includes flights whose origin or destination is outside of Europe.
While countries like Australia have accepted the scheme, others refuse to cooperate. A spokesperson from the American airline association said that the programme would cost United States airlines about $3.1 billion over a period of eight years. Analysts estimate it would add about $5 to the price of a typical trans-Atlantic flight, which may not seem excessive. However, the airlines say that this amount could be the difference between making a profit or a loss. The EU has given the International Civil Aviation Organization one year to come up with an alternative plan to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. If it fails, the EU will begin collecting emissions fees for all flights in and out of its airports, including those that arrive and depart from non-European airports.
The money airlines have to spend under this scheme will obviously be transferred to passengers at some point, but the extra cost is probably worth it. The price we may ultimately have to pay for climate change is much higher than the amount companies or passengers will ever have to pay for a flight.-
Question:
keep the harmful effects of something below a certain amount
CorrectIncorrect -
-
Question 13 of 49
13. Question
Look at the highlighted words and phrases in the text and try to work out their meaning. Then match to definitions 1-8.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The carbon crime of our century
Our carbon footprint is the estimated amount of carbon dioxide (C02) given off as we go about our daily lives. In Britain, the carbon footprint of the average person is 9.5t (tonnes) per year. Every time that person takes a return flight to New York, he or she produces about 1.2t of C02. This means that someone who flies across the Atlantic and back twice a year will use up more than a quarter of their footprint.
Short-haul air travel is not much better. A domestic flight emits 150g of C02 per passenger kilometre. Which means that a 300-km flight, for example a one-way trip from London to Manchester, produces around 63.9kg per passenger, depending on how full the flight is. Compare that to the 19.8kg per passenger produced by a car, the 5.2kg by a train and the 4.3kg by a coach, and it is clear which of the four methods of transport is the least environmentally friendly.
Now that everybody is aware that carbon emissions contribute to climate change, it is hard to understand why air travel is still so common. In response to the problem, the European Union has introduced a programme to try to limit the damage. It is called the European Union Emissions Trading System. The programme requires not only European power plants and manufacturers to pay fees to the European Union if they produce excess emissions, but also airlines.
These have to pay for the carbon emissions generated by every plane that flies into or out of an EU airport. That includes flights whose origin or destination is outside of Europe.
While countries like Australia have accepted the scheme, others refuse to cooperate. A spokesperson from the American airline association said that the programme would cost United States airlines about $3.1 billion over a period of eight years. Analysts estimate it would add about $5 to the price of a typical trans-Atlantic flight, which may not seem excessive. However, the airlines say that this amount could be the difference between making a profit or a loss. The EU has given the International Civil Aviation Organization one year to come up with an alternative plan to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. If it fails, the EU will begin collecting emissions fees for all flights in and out of its airports, including those that arrive and depart from non-European airports.
The money airlines have to spend under this scheme will obviously be transferred to passengers at some point, but the extra cost is probably worth it. The price we may ultimately have to pay for climate change is much higher than the amount companies or passengers will ever have to pay for a flight.-
Question:
gain money by selling something for more than it cost you
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Question 14 of 49
14. Question
Look at the highlighted words and phrases in the text and try to work out their meaning. Then match to definitions 1-8.
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The carbon crime of our century
Our carbon footprint is the estimated amount of carbon dioxide (C02) given off as we go about our daily lives. In Britain, the carbon footprint of the average person is 9.5t (tonnes) per year. Every time that person takes a return flight to New York, he or she produces about 1.2t of C02. This means that someone who flies across the Atlantic and back twice a year will use up more than a quarter of their footprint.
Short-haul air travel is not much better. A domestic flight emits 150g of C02 per passenger kilometre. Which means that a 300-km flight, for example a one-way trip from London to Manchester, produces around 63.9kg per passenger, depending on how full the flight is. Compare that to the 19.8kg per passenger produced by a car, the 5.2kg by a train and the 4.3kg by a coach, and it is clear which of the four methods of transport is the least environmentally friendly.
Now that everybody is aware that carbon emissions contribute to climate change, it is hard to understand why air travel is still so common. In response to the problem, the European Union has introduced a programme to try to limit the damage. It is called the European Union Emissions Trading System. The programme requires not only European power plants and manufacturers to pay fees to the European Union if they produce excess emissions, but also airlines.
These have to pay for the carbon emissions generated by every plane that flies into or out of an EU airport. That includes flights whose origin or destination is outside of Europe.
While countries like Australia have accepted the scheme, others refuse to cooperate. A spokesperson from the American airline association said that the programme would cost United States airlines about $3.1 billion over a period of eight years. Analysts estimate it would add about $5 to the price of a typical trans-Atlantic flight, which may not seem excessive. However, the airlines say that this amount could be the difference between making a profit or a loss. The EU has given the International Civil Aviation Organization one year to come up with an alternative plan to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. If it fails, the EU will begin collecting emissions fees for all flights in and out of its airports, including those that arrive and depart from non-European airports.
The money airlines have to spend under this scheme will obviously be transferred to passengers at some point, but the extra cost is probably worth it. The price we may ultimately have to pay for climate change is much higher than the amount companies or passengers will ever have to pay for a flight.-
Question:
knowing about something
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Question 15 of 49
15. Question
choose the odd one out.
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Question 16 of 49
16. Question
choose the odd one out.
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Question 17 of 49
17. Question
choose the odd one out.
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Question 18 of 49
18. Question
choose the odd one out.
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Question 19 of 49
19. Question
Complete the sentences with a suitable word.
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Question:
The weather is very at the moment. One minute it’s raining and the next the sun comes out.
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Question 20 of 49
20. Question
Complete the sentences with a suitable word.
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Question:
People say that there may be a if the river continues rising.
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Question 21 of 49
21. Question
Complete the sentences with a suitable word.
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Question:
In some areas it was raining and in others there was . The balls of ice were enormous!
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Question 22 of 49
22. Question
Complete the sentences with a suitable word.
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Question:
There will be rain this morning, so drive carefully.
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Question 23 of 49
23. Question
Complete the sentences with a suitable word.
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Question:
The government wants us to save water because of the
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Question 24 of 49
24. Question
Complete the sentences with a suitable word.
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Question:
In India, the usually lasts until October.
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Question 25 of 49
25. Question
Complete the sentences with a suitable word.
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Question:
The lit up the sky during the thunderstorm.
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Question 26 of 49
26. Question
Complete the sentences with a suitable word.
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Question:
I’ve only just had a shower and I’m sweating already- it’s so
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Question 27 of 49
27. Question
choose each adjective to a noun.
1. cool
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Question 28 of 49
28. Question
choose each adjective to a noun.
2. clear
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Question 29 of 49
29. Question
choose each adjective to a noun.
3. sunny
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Question 30 of 49
30. Question
choose each adjective to a noun.
4. heavy
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Question 31 of 49
31. Question
choose each adjective to a noun.
5. thick
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Question 32 of 49
32. Question
choose each adjective to a noun.
6. icy
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Question 33 of 49
33. Question
choose each adjective to a noun.
7. bright
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Question 34 of 49
34. Question
choose the correct form.
1. We will have / will have had / will be having six meetings by the end of today.
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Question 35 of 49
35. Question
choose the correct form.
2. I’ve decided that in the future I will take / will have taken / will be taking the train to work.
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Question 36 of 49
36. Question
choose the correct form.
3. Please don’t phone between one and two o’clock because we will have / will have had / will be having lunch.
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Question 37 of 49
37. Question
choose the correct form.
4. Anna will study / will have studied / will be studying at college the next time w e see her.
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Question 38 of 49
38. Question
choose the correct form.
5. We will buy / will have bought / will be buying a country cottage if we can sell the flat.
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Question 39 of 49
39. Question
Complete the sentences with the future perfect or future continuous form of the verb in brackets.
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Question:
This time tomorrow my parents (fly) over the Atlantic on their way to Boston.
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Question 40 of 49
40. Question
Complete the sentences with the future perfect or future continuous form of the verb in brackets.
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Question:
Rob’s exams are in May, so he (do) them all by the 1st june.
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Question 41 of 49
41. Question
Complete the sentences with the future perfect or future continuous form of the verb in brackets.
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Question:
Hopefully you (read) the book I lent you by the next time we see each other.
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Question 42 of 49
42. Question
Complete the sentences with the future perfect or future continuous form of the verb in brackets.
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Question:
If the match starts at 7.00 p.m., we (play) until 8.45 at least.
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Question 43 of 49
43. Question
Complete the sentences with the future perfect or future continuous form of the verb in brackets.
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Question:
In a year’s time, they (build) the new road and we’ll be able to get to work much quicker.
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Question 44 of 49
44. Question
Complete the sentences with the future perfect or future continuous form of the verb in brackets.
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Question:
When do you think you (finish) paying your mortgage?
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Question 45 of 49
45. Question
Complete the sentences with the future perfect or future continuous form of the verb in brackets.
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Question:
Don’t call me tomorrow morning because I (drive) to Barcelona.
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Question 46 of 49
46. Question
Complete the sentences with the future perfect or future continuous form of the verb in brackets.
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Question:
It’s been raining all day, but hopefully it (stop) by tomorrow. We were planning to have a picnic.
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Question 47 of 49
47. Question
Complete the sentences with the future perfect or future continuous form of the verb in brackets.
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Question:
(you go) to the supermarket later?
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Question 48 of 49
48. Question
Listen to a news report about paraglider Ewa Wisnierska.
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Question:
What kind of difficult weather did she experience?
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Question 49 of 49
49. Question
Listen again and answer the questions.
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i. In which country did the incident take place?
ii. Why couldn’t Ew a Wisnierska avoid the problem?
iii. What temperature did Ewa experience during her ascent?
iv. What did she see during her ascent?
v. What could she hear?
vi. How long was she unconscious?
vii. Where did she land?
viii. How long did she spend in hospital?
ix. Where was the other paraglider from?
x. Did he survive?
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