choose the correct form.

1. There wasn’t no | any bread left in the shop by the time I got there.

choose the correct form.

3. This bag isn’t enough big | big enough to put all my books in.

choose the correct form.

4. I like my coffee with just a little / a few hot milk.

choose the correct form.

5. I think people eat too quickly | too much quickly these days

choose the correct form.

6. There were lot | lots of people waiting at the bus stop.

choose the correct form.

7. There’s no | any time to stop for lunch. We’ll just have to have a sandwich.

choose the correct form.

8. There were very little | very few tickets left for the concert.

choose the correct form.

9. There aren’t enough hours | hours enough in the day to do everything.

Complete each pair of sentences so that they have the same meaning Sometimes more than one expression is possible.

Complete each pair of sentences so that they have the same meaning Sometimes more than one expression is possible.

Complete each pair of sentences so that they have the same meaning Sometimes more than one expression is possible.

Complete each pair of sentences so that they have the same meaning Sometimes more than one expression is possible.

Complete each pair of sentences so that they have the same meaning Sometimes more than one expression is possible.

choose the word with a different sound.

1. up

choose the word with a different sound.

2. horse

choose the word with a different sound.

3. horse

Complete the sentences with the past simple form of the phrasal verbs in the box. Replace the words in bold with a pronoun.

Complete the sentences with the past simple form of the phrasal verbs in the box. Replace the words in bold with a pronoun.

Complete the sentences with the past simple form of the phrasal verbs in the box. Replace the words in bold with a pronoun.

Complete the sentences with the past simple form of the phrasal verbs in the box. Replace the words in bold with a pronoun.

Read the article once and choose the best heading.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Have you ever dropped a drink on your laptop? If you have, you’ll remember the panic when you thought that your machine would never work again. If you haven’t, it may well happen to you in the future. Spilling drinks on a laptop is a common occurrence. Just in case it does happen, here are some basic tips that tell you what you should do.
The effect of the drink on your laptop depends on what it is. Water and green tea generally cause the least damage. The worst drinks to spill are those which contain milk and sugar, such as hot drinks like coffee and tea, and soft drinks like cola or lemonade.
What happens to your laptop also depends on what you do immediately after the spill. The first thing you should do is unplug the machine and take the battery out. This will, hopefully, stop any electrical damage. Then, you should turn it upside down and stop the liquid getting to the motherboard. This is where some of the most important parts of the computer are, and if it gets wet, your laptop may be damaged permanently.
The next step is to clean up as much of the liquid as quickly as possible, If you don’t have a cloth to do this, use some tissues instead. Try to touch the keyboard lightly instead of wiping it with the tissue.
If you spilled a lot of liquid, you’ll have to work harder to save your machine. Put it near a window or somewhere with cold air, and shake it gently to get the liquid out. It might help if you take off the bottom of the case so that you can take out the hard drive. If you do this, remember not to touch any of the electronics. When you have done as much as you can, leave the laptop somewhere warm to dry. This will take at least a day. Do not use a hairdryer, as this will make the machine dirty.
When you think the laptop is dry, switch it back on to see if it works. If you only spilled a little clean water, you might be lucky and the machine may turn on straight away. However, you’ll probably have problems if the drink was a large, milky coffee with lots of sugar in it, or a glass of wine. If your laptop still doesn’t work, look at the keyboard and try taking it apart to clean it better. However, if you’ve gone this far, it’s probably time you thought about getting some help. You can either take the laptop to be repaired, or buy a new one. And in future, remember to drink your coffee at someone else’s desk!

Read the article again. choose the sentences T (true) or F (false).

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Have you ever dropped a drink on your laptop? If you have, you’ll remember the panic when you thought that your machine would never work again. If you haven’t, it may well happen to you in the future. Spilling drinks on a laptop is a common occurrence. Just in case it does happen, here are some basic tips that tell you what you should do.
The effect of the drink on your laptop depends on what it is. Water and green tea generally cause the least damage. The worst drinks to spill are those which contain milk and sugar, such as hot drinks like coffee and tea, and soft drinks like cola or lemonade.
What happens to your laptop also depends on what you do immediately after the spill. The first thing you should do is unplug the machine and take the battery out. This will, hopefully, stop any electrical damage. Then, you should turn it upside down and stop the liquid getting to the motherboard. This is where some of the most important parts of the computer are, and if it gets wet, your laptop may be damaged permanently.
The next step is to clean up as much of the liquid as quickly as possible, If you don’t have a cloth to do this, use some tissues instead. Try to touch the keyboard lightly instead of wiping it with the tissue.
If you spilled a lot of liquid, you’ll have to work harder to save your machine. Put it near a window or somewhere with cold air, and shake it gently to get the liquid out. It might help if you take off the bottom of the case so that you can take out the hard drive. If you do this, remember not to touch any of the electronics. When you have done as much as you can, leave the laptop somewhere warm to dry. This will take at least a day. Do not use a hairdryer, as this will make the machine dirty.
When you think the laptop is dry, switch it back on to see if it works. If you only spilled a little clean water, you might be lucky and the machine may turn on straight away. However, you’ll probably have problems if the drink was a large, milky coffee with lots of sugar in it, or a glass of wine. If your laptop still doesn’t work, look at the keyboard and try taking it apart to clean it better. However, if you’ve gone this far, it’s probably time you thought about getting some help. You can either take the laptop to be repaired, or buy a new one. And in future, remember to drink your coffee at someone else’s desk!

Question:

Green tea causes less damage than coffee with milk.

Read the article again. choose the sentences T (true) or F (false).

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Have you ever dropped a drink on your laptop? If you have, you’ll remember the panic when you thought that your machine would never work again. If you haven’t, it may well happen to you in the future. Spilling drinks on a laptop is a common occurrence. Just in case it does happen, here are some basic tips that tell you what you should do.
The effect of the drink on your laptop depends on what it is. Water and green tea generally cause the least damage. The worst drinks to spill are those which contain milk and sugar, such as hot drinks like coffee and tea, and soft drinks like cola or lemonade.
What happens to your laptop also depends on what you do immediately after the spill. The first thing you should do is unplug the machine and take the battery out. This will, hopefully, stop any electrical damage. Then, you should turn it upside down and stop the liquid getting to the motherboard. This is where some of the most important parts of the computer are, and if it gets wet, your laptop may be damaged permanently.
The next step is to clean up as much of the liquid as quickly as possible, If you don’t have a cloth to do this, use some tissues instead. Try to touch the keyboard lightly instead of wiping it with the tissue.
If you spilled a lot of liquid, you’ll have to work harder to save your machine. Put it near a window or somewhere with cold air, and shake it gently to get the liquid out. It might help if you take off the bottom of the case so that you can take out the hard drive. If you do this, remember not to touch any of the electronics. When you have done as much as you can, leave the laptop somewhere warm to dry. This will take at least a day. Do not use a hairdryer, as this will make the machine dirty.
When you think the laptop is dry, switch it back on to see if it works. If you only spilled a little clean water, you might be lucky and the machine may turn on straight away. However, you’ll probably have problems if the drink was a large, milky coffee with lots of sugar in it, or a glass of wine. If your laptop still doesn’t work, look at the keyboard and try taking it apart to clean it better. However, if you’ve gone this far, it’s probably time you thought about getting some help. You can either take the laptop to be repaired, or buy a new one. And in future, remember to drink your coffee at someone else’s desk!

Question:

You shouldn’t move your laptop after a spill.

Read the article again. choose the sentences T (true) or F (false).

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Have you ever dropped a drink on your laptop? If you have, you’ll remember the panic when you thought that your machine would never work again. If you haven’t, it may well happen to you in the future. Spilling drinks on a laptop is a common occurrence. Just in case it does happen, here are some basic tips that tell you what you should do.
The effect of the drink on your laptop depends on what it is. Water and green tea generally cause the least damage. The worst drinks to spill are those which contain milk and sugar, such as hot drinks like coffee and tea, and soft drinks like cola or lemonade.
What happens to your laptop also depends on what you do immediately after the spill. The first thing you should do is unplug the machine and take the battery out. This will, hopefully, stop any electrical damage. Then, you should turn it upside down and stop the liquid getting to the motherboard. This is where some of the most important parts of the computer are, and if it gets wet, your laptop may be damaged permanently.
The next step is to clean up as much of the liquid as quickly as possible, If you don’t have a cloth to do this, use some tissues instead. Try to touch the keyboard lightly instead of wiping it with the tissue.
If you spilled a lot of liquid, you’ll have to work harder to save your machine. Put it near a window or somewhere with cold air, and shake it gently to get the liquid out. It might help if you take off the bottom of the case so that you can take out the hard drive. If you do this, remember not to touch any of the electronics. When you have done as much as you can, leave the laptop somewhere warm to dry. This will take at least a day. Do not use a hairdryer, as this will make the machine dirty.
When you think the laptop is dry, switch it back on to see if it works. If you only spilled a little clean water, you might be lucky and the machine may turn on straight away. However, you’ll probably have problems if the drink was a large, milky coffee with lots of sugar in it, or a glass of wine. If your laptop still doesn’t work, look at the keyboard and try taking it apart to clean it better. However, if you’ve gone this far, it’s probably time you thought about getting some help. You can either take the laptop to be repaired, or buy a new one. And in future, remember to drink your coffee at someone else’s desk!

Question:

You should only use a cloth.

Read the article again. choose the sentences T (true) or F (false).

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Have you ever dropped a drink on your laptop? If you have, you’ll remember the panic when you thought that your machine would never work again. If you haven’t, it may well happen to you in the future. Spilling drinks on a laptop is a common occurrence. Just in case it does happen, here are some basic tips that tell you what you should do.
The effect of the drink on your laptop depends on what it is. Water and green tea generally cause the least damage. The worst drinks to spill are those which contain milk and sugar, such as hot drinks like coffee and tea, and soft drinks like cola or lemonade.
What happens to your laptop also depends on what you do immediately after the spill. The first thing you should do is unplug the machine and take the battery out. This will, hopefully, stop any electrical damage. Then, you should turn it upside down and stop the liquid getting to the motherboard. This is where some of the most important parts of the computer are, and if it gets wet, your laptop may be damaged permanently.
The next step is to clean up as much of the liquid as quickly as possible, If you don’t have a cloth to do this, use some tissues instead. Try to touch the keyboard lightly instead of wiping it with the tissue.
If you spilled a lot of liquid, you’ll have to work harder to save your machine. Put it near a window or somewhere with cold air, and shake it gently to get the liquid out. It might help if you take off the bottom of the case so that you can take out the hard drive. If you do this, remember not to touch any of the electronics. When you have done as much as you can, leave the laptop somewhere warm to dry. This will take at least a day. Do not use a hairdryer, as this will make the machine dirty.
When you think the laptop is dry, switch it back on to see if it works. If you only spilled a little clean water, you might be lucky and the machine may turn on straight away. However, you’ll probably have problems if the drink was a large, milky coffee with lots of sugar in it, or a glass of wine. If your laptop still doesn’t work, look at the keyboard and try taking it apart to clean it better. However, if you’ve gone this far, it’s probably time you thought about getting some help. You can either take the laptop to be repaired, or buy a new one. And in future, remember to drink your coffee at someone else’s desk!

Question:

You can try taking out the hard drive of the machine.

Read the article again. choose the sentences T (true) or F (false).

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Have you ever dropped a drink on your laptop? If you have, you’ll remember the panic when you thought that your machine would never work again. If you haven’t, it may well happen to you in the future. Spilling drinks on a laptop is a common occurrence. Just in case it does happen, here are some basic tips that tell you what you should do.
The effect of the drink on your laptop depends on what it is. Water and green tea generally cause the least damage. The worst drinks to spill are those which contain milk and sugar, such as hot drinks like coffee and tea, and soft drinks like cola or lemonade.
What happens to your laptop also depends on what you do immediately after the spill. The first thing you should do is unplug the machine and take the battery out. This will, hopefully, stop any electrical damage. Then, you should turn it upside down and stop the liquid getting to the motherboard. This is where some of the most important parts of the computer are, and if it gets wet, your laptop may be damaged permanently.
The next step is to clean up as much of the liquid as quickly as possible, If you don’t have a cloth to do this, use some tissues instead. Try to touch the keyboard lightly instead of wiping it with the tissue.
If you spilled a lot of liquid, you’ll have to work harder to save your machine. Put it near a window or somewhere with cold air, and shake it gently to get the liquid out. It might help if you take off the bottom of the case so that you can take out the hard drive. If you do this, remember not to touch any of the electronics. When you have done as much as you can, leave the laptop somewhere warm to dry. This will take at least a day. Do not use a hairdryer, as this will make the machine dirty.
When you think the laptop is dry, switch it back on to see if it works. If you only spilled a little clean water, you might be lucky and the machine may turn on straight away. However, you’ll probably have problems if the drink was a large, milky coffee with lots of sugar in it, or a glass of wine. If your laptop still doesn’t work, look at the keyboard and try taking it apart to clean it better. However, if you’ve gone this far, it’s probably time you thought about getting some help. You can either take the laptop to be repaired, or buy a new one. And in future, remember to drink your coffee at someone else’s desk!

Question:

You should use a hairdryer to dry the electronics.

Read the article again. choose the sentences T (true) or F (false).

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Have you ever dropped a drink on your laptop? If you have, you’ll remember the panic when you thought that your machine would never work again. If you haven’t, it may well happen to you in the future. Spilling drinks on a laptop is a common occurrence. Just in case it does happen, here are some basic tips that tell you what you should do.
The effect of the drink on your laptop depends on what it is. Water and green tea generally cause the least damage. The worst drinks to spill are those which contain milk and sugar, such as hot drinks like coffee and tea, and soft drinks like cola or lemonade.
What happens to your laptop also depends on what you do immediately after the spill. The first thing you should do is unplug the machine and take the battery out. This will, hopefully, stop any electrical damage. Then, you should turn it upside down and stop the liquid getting to the motherboard. This is where some of the most important parts of the computer are, and if it gets wet, your laptop may be damaged permanently.
The next step is to clean up as much of the liquid as quickly as possible, If you don’t have a cloth to do this, use some tissues instead. Try to touch the keyboard lightly instead of wiping it with the tissue.
If you spilled a lot of liquid, you’ll have to work harder to save your machine. Put it near a window or somewhere with cold air, and shake it gently to get the liquid out. It might help if you take off the bottom of the case so that you can take out the hard drive. If you do this, remember not to touch any of the electronics. When you have done as much as you can, leave the laptop somewhere warm to dry. This will take at least a day. Do not use a hairdryer, as this will make the machine dirty.
When you think the laptop is dry, switch it back on to see if it works. If you only spilled a little clean water, you might be lucky and the machine may turn on straight away. However, you’ll probably have problems if the drink was a large, milky coffee with lots of sugar in it, or a glass of wine. If your laptop still doesn’t work, look at the keyboard and try taking it apart to clean it better. However, if you’ve gone this far, it’s probably time you thought about getting some help. You can either take the laptop to be repaired, or buy a new one. And in future, remember to drink your coffee at someone else’s desk!

Question:

A little water doesn’t usually cause much damage.

Read the article again. choose the sentences T (true) or F (false).

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Have you ever dropped a drink on your laptop? If you have, you’ll remember the panic when you thought that your machine would never work again. If you haven’t, it may well happen to you in the future. Spilling drinks on a laptop is a common occurrence. Just in case it does happen, here are some basic tips that tell you what you should do.
The effect of the drink on your laptop depends on what it is. Water and green tea generally cause the least damage. The worst drinks to spill are those which contain milk and sugar, such as hot drinks like coffee and tea, and soft drinks like cola or lemonade.
What happens to your laptop also depends on what you do immediately after the spill. The first thing you should do is unplug the machine and take the battery out. This will, hopefully, stop any electrical damage. Then, you should turn it upside down and stop the liquid getting to the motherboard. This is where some of the most important parts of the computer are, and if it gets wet, your laptop may be damaged permanently.
The next step is to clean up as much of the liquid as quickly as possible, If you don’t have a cloth to do this, use some tissues instead. Try to touch the keyboard lightly instead of wiping it with the tissue.
If you spilled a lot of liquid, you’ll have to work harder to save your machine. Put it near a window or somewhere with cold air, and shake it gently to get the liquid out. It might help if you take off the bottom of the case so that you can take out the hard drive. If you do this, remember not to touch any of the electronics. When you have done as much as you can, leave the laptop somewhere warm to dry. This will take at least a day. Do not use a hairdryer, as this will make the machine dirty.
When you think the laptop is dry, switch it back on to see if it works. If you only spilled a little clean water, you might be lucky and the machine may turn on straight away. However, you’ll probably have problems if the drink was a large, milky coffee with lots of sugar in it, or a glass of wine. If your laptop still doesn’t work, look at the keyboard and try taking it apart to clean it better. However, if you’ve gone this far, it’s probably time you thought about getting some help. You can either take the laptop to be repaired, or buy a new one. And in future, remember to drink your coffee at someone else’s desk!

Question:

The advice in the article only works for laptops that haven’t had a lot of liquid spilt on them.

Listen to a conversation at the reception desk of a hotel.

Listen again and complete the notes.

Read the text. choose the sentences T (true) or F (false).

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A Short History of the Bagel

The bagel is known around the world as a typically New York type of food. But it has a surprising and unusual history that goes back many years. The basic idea ofa bread roll with a hole is centuries old. In Roman times, soldiers ate hard bread called buccel/latum, and in China there is similar-shaped traditional bread called girde. The ancient Egyptians ate a bagel-like snack, too, and there are even more examples from around the Mediterranean area.
But it was in Poland that today’s bagel really began. Accordintga legend, it was the product of the 1683 Battle of Vienna. The Polish king, Jan Sobieski, had saved Austria from the Turkish invaders. To celebrate, the Jewish bakers of Krakow made aroll in the shape of the king’s stirrup — the metal objects you put your feet in when you ride a horse — and called it a ‘buegel’ [from the German word for stirrup]. There is, however, no evidence to show whether this was true or not, but the story still remains today,
It is unclear when the first bagels made their way to the United States, but by 1900, 70 bakeries which sold bagels existed on the Lower East Side district of New York. What is also certain is that immigrants from Eastern Europe, with their cravings for the foods of the old country, sparked the New York bagel craze.
It was the 1950s that were the real turning point. As Jewish people began to move to other parts of New York, they started to share their traditional food with the rest of the city. Bagels were mentioned in a popular cookbook of the time, and demand started to grow across America. To meet this demand, a baker called Murray Lender began to use recent inventions like the freezer and plastic packagintgo distribute freshly-made bagels acrass America. Soon, Lender’s bagels were available in almost every supermarket, and today they are part of a traditional American diet and available all over the world.
But why has the bagel endured through all this time? Possibly
because of its heroic legend, but also because it has the advantage of lasting longer than freshly-baked bread. If it gets slightly stale, it can be dunked in hot liquid to soften it. So it lasts long, can be eaten in many ways, and of course tastes delicious.

Question:

Bagels were first made in Austria.

Read the text. choose the sentences T (true) or F (false).

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A Short History of the Bagel

The bagel is known around the world as a typically New York type of food. But it has a surprising and unusual history that goes back many years. The basic idea ofa bread roll with a hole is centuries old. In Roman times, soldiers ate hard bread called buccel/latum, and in China there is similar-shaped traditional bread called girde. The ancient Egyptians ate a bagel-like snack, too, and there are even more examples from around the Mediterranean area.
But it was in Poland that today’s bagel really began. Accordintga legend, it was the product of the 1683 Battle of Vienna. The Polish king, Jan Sobieski, had saved Austria from the Turkish invaders. To celebrate, the Jewish bakers of Krakow made aroll in the shape of the king’s stirrup — the metal objects you put your feet in when you ride a horse — and called it a ‘buegel’ [from the German word for stirrup]. There is, however, no evidence to show whether this was true or not, but the story still remains today,
It is unclear when the first bagels made their way to the United States, but by 1900, 70 bakeries which sold bagels existed on the Lower East Side district of New York. What is also certain is that immigrants from Eastern Europe, with their cravings for the foods of the old country, sparked the New York bagel craze.
It was the 1950s that were the real turning point. As Jewish people began to move to other parts of New York, they started to share their traditional food with the rest of the city. Bagels were mentioned in a popular cookbook of the time, and demand started to grow across America. To meet this demand, a baker called Murray Lender began to use recent inventions like the freezer and plastic packagintgo distribute freshly-made bagels acrass America. Soon, Lender’s bagels were available in almost every supermarket, and today they are part of a traditional American diet and available all over the world.
But why has the bagel endured through all this time? Possibly
because of its heroic legend, but also because it has the advantage of lasting longer than freshly-baked bread. If it gets slightly stale, it can be dunked in hot liquid to soften it. So it lasts long, can be eaten in many ways, and of course tastes delicious.

Question:

Bagels were first made in New York in the Brooklyn area.

Read the text. choose the sentences T (true) or F (false).

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A Short History of the Bagel

The bagel is known around the world as a typically New York type of food. But it has a surprising and unusual history that goes back many years. The basic idea ofa bread roll with a hole is centuries old. In Roman times, soldiers ate hard bread called buccel/latum, and in China there is similar-shaped traditional bread called girde. The ancient Egyptians ate a bagel-like snack, too, and there are even more examples from around the Mediterranean area.
But it was in Poland that today’s bagel really began. Accordintga legend, it was the product of the 1683 Battle of Vienna. The Polish king, Jan Sobieski, had saved Austria from the Turkish invaders. To celebrate, the Jewish bakers of Krakow made aroll in the shape of the king’s stirrup — the metal objects you put your feet in when you ride a horse — and called it a ‘buegel’ [from the German word for stirrup]. There is, however, no evidence to show whether this was true or not, but the story still remains today,
It is unclear when the first bagels made their way to the United States, but by 1900, 70 bakeries which sold bagels existed on the Lower East Side district of New York. What is also certain is that immigrants from Eastern Europe, with their cravings for the foods of the old country, sparked the New York bagel craze.
It was the 1950s that were the real turning point. As Jewish people began to move to other parts of New York, they started to share their traditional food with the rest of the city. Bagels were mentioned in a popular cookbook of the time, and demand started to grow across America. To meet this demand, a baker called Murray Lender began to use recent inventions like the freezer and plastic packagintgo distribute freshly-made bagels acrass America. Soon, Lender’s bagels were available in almost every supermarket, and today they are part of a traditional American diet and available all over the world.
But why has the bagel endured through all this time? Possibly
because of its heroic legend, but also because it has the advantage of lasting longer than freshly-baked bread. If it gets slightly stale, it can be dunked in hot liquid to soften it. So it lasts long, can be eaten in many ways, and of course tastes delicious.

Question:

They became popular all over America in the 1960s.

Read the text. choose the sentences T (true) or F (false).

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A Short History of the Bagel

The bagel is known around the world as a typically New York type of food. But it has a surprising and unusual history that goes back many years. The basic idea ofa bread roll with a hole is centuries old. In Roman times, soldiers ate hard bread called buccel/latum, and in China there is similar-shaped traditional bread called girde. The ancient Egyptians ate a bagel-like snack, too, and there are even more examples from around the Mediterranean area.
But it was in Poland that today’s bagel really began. Accordintga legend, it was the product of the 1683 Battle of Vienna. The Polish king, Jan Sobieski, had saved Austria from the Turkish invaders. To celebrate, the Jewish bakers of Krakow made aroll in the shape of the king’s stirrup — the metal objects you put your feet in when you ride a horse — and called it a ‘buegel’ [from the German word for stirrup]. There is, however, no evidence to show whether this was true or not, but the story still remains today,
It is unclear when the first bagels made their way to the United States, but by 1900, 70 bakeries which sold bagels existed on the Lower East Side district of New York. What is also certain is that immigrants from Eastern Europe, with their cravings for the foods of the old country, sparked the New York bagel craze.
It was the 1950s that were the real turning point. As Jewish people began to move to other parts of New York, they started to share their traditional food with the rest of the city. Bagels were mentioned in a popular cookbook of the time, and demand started to grow across America. To meet this demand, a baker called Murray Lender began to use recent inventions like the freezer and plastic packagintgo distribute freshly-made bagels acrass America. Soon, Lender’s bagels were available in almost every supermarket, and today they are part of a traditional American diet and available all over the world.
But why has the bagel endured through all this time? Possibly
because of its heroic legend, but also because it has the advantage of lasting longer than freshly-baked bread. If it gets slightly stale, it can be dunked in hot liquid to soften it. So it lasts long, can be eaten in many ways, and of course tastes delicious.

Question:

They were made by Jewish bakers.

Read the text. choose the sentences T (true) or F (false).

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A Short History of the Bagel

The bagel is known around the world as a typically New York type of food. But it has a surprising and unusual history that goes back many years. The basic idea ofa bread roll with a hole is centuries old. In Roman times, soldiers ate hard bread called buccel/latum, and in China there is similar-shaped traditional bread called girde. The ancient Egyptians ate a bagel-like snack, too, and there are even more examples from around the Mediterranean area.
But it was in Poland that today’s bagel really began. Accordintga legend, it was the product of the 1683 Battle of Vienna. The Polish king, Jan Sobieski, had saved Austria from the Turkish invaders. To celebrate, the Jewish bakers of Krakow made aroll in the shape of the king’s stirrup — the metal objects you put your feet in when you ride a horse — and called it a ‘buegel’ [from the German word for stirrup]. There is, however, no evidence to show whether this was true or not, but the story still remains today,
It is unclear when the first bagels made their way to the United States, but by 1900, 70 bakeries which sold bagels existed on the Lower East Side district of New York. What is also certain is that immigrants from Eastern Europe, with their cravings for the foods of the old country, sparked the New York bagel craze.
It was the 1950s that were the real turning point. As Jewish people began to move to other parts of New York, they started to share their traditional food with the rest of the city. Bagels were mentioned in a popular cookbook of the time, and demand started to grow across America. To meet this demand, a baker called Murray Lender began to use recent inventions like the freezer and plastic packagintgo distribute freshly-made bagels acrass America. Soon, Lender’s bagels were available in almost every supermarket, and today they are part of a traditional American diet and available all over the world.
But why has the bagel endured through all this time? Possibly
because of its heroic legend, but also because it has the advantage of lasting longer than freshly-baked bread. If it gets slightly stale, it can be dunked in hot liquid to soften it. So it lasts long, can be eaten in many ways, and of course tastes delicious.

Question:

New inventions were used to sell bagels across America.

Read the text. choose the sentences T (true) or F (false).

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A Short History of the Bagel

The bagel is known around the world as a typically New York type of food. But it has a surprising and unusual history that goes back many years. The basic idea ofa bread roll with a hole is centuries old. In Roman times, soldiers ate hard bread called buccel/latum, and in China there is similar-shaped traditional bread called girde. The ancient Egyptians ate a bagel-like snack, too, and there are even more examples from around the Mediterranean area.
But it was in Poland that today’s bagel really began. Accordintga legend, it was the product of the 1683 Battle of Vienna. The Polish king, Jan Sobieski, had saved Austria from the Turkish invaders. To celebrate, the Jewish bakers of Krakow made aroll in the shape of the king’s stirrup — the metal objects you put your feet in when you ride a horse — and called it a ‘buegel’ [from the German word for stirrup]. There is, however, no evidence to show whether this was true or not, but the story still remains today,
It is unclear when the first bagels made their way to the United States, but by 1900, 70 bakeries which sold bagels existed on the Lower East Side district of New York. What is also certain is that immigrants from Eastern Europe, with their cravings for the foods of the old country, sparked the New York bagel craze.
It was the 1950s that were the real turning point. As Jewish people began to move to other parts of New York, they started to share their traditional food with the rest of the city. Bagels were mentioned in a popular cookbook of the time, and demand started to grow across America. To meet this demand, a baker called Murray Lender began to use recent inventions like the freezer and plastic packagintgo distribute freshly-made bagels acrass America. Soon, Lender’s bagels were available in almost every supermarket, and today they are part of a traditional American diet and available all over the world.
But why has the bagel endured through all this time? Possibly
because of its heroic legend, but also because it has the advantage of lasting longer than freshly-baked bread. If it gets slightly stale, it can be dunked in hot liquid to soften it. So it lasts long, can be eaten in many ways, and of course tastes delicious.

Question:

One of the reasons bagels are popular is because they stay fresh tor a long time.